KGB Connections is the title of a documentary now in DVD form which was originally produced sometime prior to the fall of the Soviet Union - probably about 1990 or 1991. It is extremely well done and detailed with names and interviews of KGB agents, KGB officials, United States State Department Officials, CIA agents, etc. The DVD should be seen by every citizen of the United States, and especially by those still in High School - because most of the population of the United States is asleep and completely unaware of the danger that stalks them.
The Soviet Union fell and the cold war was supposedly over. That is all that the general population of the U.S. wanted to hear. However, the KGB has had many incarnations, each with a different name, starting with the secret police of the Czar, known as the Okhrana before the Russian revolution of 1917. Those who were members of the Okhrana had no desire to change occupations after Lenin took over the country, and changed their names so that they could become members of the Cheka, the original name of the KGB. Although the Cheka was the first reincarnation of the Okhrana, it was much worse. Through the years, it has had many names.
Incarnations of the Cheka:
(1) In February 1922 it was incorporated into the NKVD as the GPU.
(2) In July 1923 it became the OGPU.
(3) In July 1934 it was re-incorporated into the NKVD as the GUGB.
(4) In February 1941 it became the NKGB.
(5) In July 1941 it was again incorporated into the NKVD as the GUGB.
(6) In April 1943 it became the NKGB.
(7) In March 1946 it became the MGB.
(8) From October 1947 to November 1951 it was the "Foreign Intelligence" as part of KI.
(9) In March 1953 it was combined with the MVD to form an enlarged MVD.
(10) In March 1954 it became the KGB.
(11) Department A, the department of disinformation, of the KGB became essentially
the new KGB and was called the SVR. The last revolution in Russia overthrew
the Communist Party. In the power vacuum that followed, the old Communists
started anew with new names. The Soviet Union had been temporarily dissolved
so that military might became extremely expensive. The solution was to focus
the efforts of the old KGB on disinformation and undermining the target nations'
youth and news media. Since Marxists had been doing this since the late
1800s followed by communists who intensified the effort in the late 1930s,
the follow-through was not very expensive and is being continued to the present
with excellent results.
(12) Today, Vladimir Putin is the de facto dictator of the coalition that has come about since
the fall of the Soviet Union. Putin was once head of the KGB and his methods have not
changed appreciably. His chief goals are (a) to establish a secure political and
economic sphere of influence for Russia and its satellites in nearby countries, and (b)
for Russia to be again recognized as a great power. Under Putin, the KGB's name is
the FSB.
At this time (March of 2008), Putin is likely to remain in control of Russia even though it supposedly will soon have a new leader, Dmitri Medvedev. Medvedev is considered to be a puppet of Putin. [in 2009, Medvedev is the supposed President, but Putin is the de facto leader and plans to become "President" again.]
Even though the political system is different in Russia from what it was when there was a Soviet Union, the same players have come to the fore and one man is still able to dictate policy. The independent companies and corporations that existed after the fall of the Soviet Union, as well as the various branches of the Russian media, have been swallowed up by the government once more.
The KGB still exists regardless of what it is called, using the same methods as before and using the same KGB clones found in other countries to maintain its worldwide influence. In cases where a clone has become independent, it acts alone - so in essence, the KGB is like a red starfish - when broken, each piece forms another starfish. This tendency to have the same dominating brutality with each generation is something that can be understood by Americans only by studying Russian history. The invading hordes of the barbarians in older times made the leaders of a feudal society afraid of more such invasions. In more recent times, Napoleon and Hitler invaded Russia. Then were the small wars with neighboring countries (often with Russia as the aggressor). Political power was a means of maintaining the country against invasions by its neighbors. Brutality was the tried and true means to attain and maintain power. The serfs were accustomed to being ruled by a monarch. After the Czar was deposed, Lenin was able overthrow the new democratic government and become the new dictator - and most of those who were well-educated or considered to be against him were either sent to slave camps or executed. This policy of removing the well-educated and those who might be a threat to the dictator has continued with each change of leadership. So today, Russia still has a system much like a feudal society with rulers and serfs - and the current "Czar's" secret police continue to instill fear within the populace.
Russian communism
has been a blight among nations, choosing to bring other nations down to its level rather
than raising itself up to their level - the policy of purging those individuals who might
otherwise be capable of developing higher technology has hurt Russia's ability to go upward
and has forced it to rely very heavily upon espionage.
The information that follows - even though it is from a documentary that is over sixteen years
old - is still valid and still shows the world the true nature of the KGB with its new name.
KGB Operations
Before the fall of the Soviet Union, the Politburo was the chief organ that ran the Soviet Union. Beneath it were the International Department, the KGB, and the Ministry of Defense. The International Department ran and financed both communist and non-communist organizations in other countries and, with the Ministry of Defense, shared espionage activities in other nations. The KGB was divided into Chief Directorates of which the first two were the most important. The First Directorate was reponsible for operations abroad. The Second Directorate was responsible for operations within the Soviet Union. The Second Directorate was the largest because it was comprised of a large number of informers, those who were involved in preventing Soviet citizens from escaping, those involved in preventing the leaking of state secrets, the production of pro-Soviet propaganda, and the altering and producing of facts (sometimes complete fabrications) for public consumption. However, it is the First Directorate with which the documentary, KGB Connections, is primarily concerned. The First Directorate consisted of 18 departments: Departments A, S, T, V, and 1 thru 14.
Putin, when he was younger, was in the U.S. officially as Third Secretary of the Soviet Embassy. In reality, he was an officer of the KGB. The Soviet Embassy was the major center for espionage in every target country. In North America, the KGB had dozens of Soviet establishments from diplomatic missions, trade offices, and businesses (selling everything from trade goods to tractors, and operating merchant shipping). In 1980, there were 3 to 4 Soviet officials in the U.S. for every FBI agent. Although these officials were not legally allowed to travel without first showing their itinerary, most traveled with impunity and were not tracked. This allowed them to gather intelligence through photographs and observations. Later, this intelligence was used for various reasons which will become apparent.
The Soviet Embassy and certain other Soviet installations in the U.S. were built in areas where telephone traffic from certain key points would be of interest to the Soviets. Such buildings were placed on high ground with antennae which would intercept any telephone messages from defense plants, government buildings, and other key points. By contrast, the Soviets would not allow the U.S. to have its embassy on anything but low ground, and everything possible was done to bug the various rooms within the embassy. One example of information obtained by the Soviets in this manner was eavesdropping on grain dealers in the west during the agricultural crisis in the Soviet Union. This allowed the Soviets to outmaneuver the U.S. negotiators, so that the Soviets could acquire a record amount of grain, long-term, at extremely low prices. Crops in the U.S. failed in subsequent years, and the Soviets continued to receive grain at much lower prices than could U.S. citizens. Another example is intercepting telephone conversations pertaining to U.S. submarines and observing the submarines in port so that the Soviet military would know which were at sea. Embassies of nations with clones of the KGB (Poles, Czechs, East Germans, Cuba, etc.) were also located on the high ground with antennae. These clones worked under the KGB so that, together, the clones and the KGB formed a vast spy network in each target country.
The United Nations in New York is and was a nest of spies. Over 500 soviets worked there and the U.N. was the most active intelligence gathering center for the Soviets in America. The Soviet First Chief Directorate, Department One, controlled operations against the U.S. and Canada under diplomatic cover in Washington, D.C., New York, San Francisco, and Ottowa, using the U.N. in New York and all embassies and consolates. The most active intelligence gathering was carried out by Soviets assigned to the United Nations. Usually, these Soviets were "civil servants" who were actually KGB agents. Their orders came from the KGB in Moscow rather than their supposed superiors at the U.N. - and they were placed there by the KGB - not by diplomats.
The Office of the Soviet Military Attache' was one post for a Soviet agent. Usually,
they were spies of the GRU operating closely with the KGB. The GRU was directly
under the Soviet Ministry of Defense and confined itself to espionage and military matters.
The First Chief Directorate of the KGB had ultimate authority over the GRU's espionage
network. Espionage included information on geography, the economy, the government, and
the armed forces - with special emphasis on naval affairs, shipments of arms, and locations of
docks and warehouses - especially where weapons are stored or handled and from where they
are being shipped to foreign countries.
Illegals
Illegals are foreign agents who enter the United States using forged documents and establish themselves as citizens. Little by little, more documentation is established such as driver's licenses, birth certificates, and credit cards. They find jobs to obtain more credentials for future references as bonafide citizens. They may come from the U.S. originally, move to other countries, and eventually wind up in a soviet nation. Usually, they are trained in a spy school in Moscow. Once inside the target country, they spend quite some time establishing themselves - and then often they sit and wait until an occasion arises requiring the use of their services. Illegals entered the U.S. via the Soviet trawlers, submarines, Canada, or Mexico. They were usually handled by KGB Department S which was usually involved only with espionage. Other illegals were handled by Department V which controlled "wet affairs" such as assassinations, terrorism, sabotage, etc.
The illegals trained at the spy schools learned to act like Americans from American movies. They learned English and correct accents from people who lived here - some having degrees from American schools. [One English instructor had her degree from Columbia University.] They bought their clothes from "American" department stores located in "American" cities in the Soviet Union where they lived until they were deemed ready to go to real American cities. They were given backgrounds which they had to memorize in detail using photographs of their alleged places of prior employment, the cities in which they were supposed to have lived, etc. They were and are usually very eager to finally enter the United States.
In the United States, they were paid by United Nations officials and Soviet diplomatic personnel via "drops" where cash was found in small magnetic boxes placed where they were nearly invisible. Instructions were provided by unpostmarked letters found in the same boxes. Drop points were semi-remote utility poles, underpinnings of bridges, etc.
Illegals had a tendency to become Americans which was far better than having to live in the Soviet Union. This tendency was offset for many years by family ties in the Soviet Union, a sense of honor to their sponsoring nation, and a sentimental attachment to that same nation. However, when such feelings were exhausted, there was the threat of harm coming to their Soviet friends and relatives should they fail to perform when asked.
Illegals were sometimes used as recruiters and handlers of agents in the United States.
Other times they were used to plant explosives at key points such as power stations
where, in case of war or for other purposes, the explosives could be used almost at one
time to disable the target nation. In some cases, they were used as assassins with
James Bond types of devices and means of creating simulated heart attacks or strokes.
As a rule, they assassinated in such a way that the death was either accidental or
some type of "health failure".
KGB Recruitment
The recruitment practices of the KGB were based upon (1) sex, (2) money, (3) ideological appeal, (4) the common enemy, (5) emotional attachment, (6) blackmail, (7) ego (prestige), and variations of the foregoing. Sex was used frequently, usually by male operatives to discover information and later recruit neglected wives or secretaries of diplomats, state department officials, military men, corporate officials, etc. Once recruited, the wives were kept in place either by lying as to the nature of the recruiter or through blackmail. Money was always a means of obtaining information from and later recruiting various people privy to corporate or defense department secrets, asking first for small favors with such excuses as the need to have information for a book being written or for aiding another corporation (industrial espionage). Each new request led to further involvement until the individual was addicted to the inflow of cash or could be blackmailed to continue. Sometimes, the individual never discovered that he was helping the KGB. Ideological appeal never seemed to work on the working man or woman in the U.S., but those of the intelligent and middle class were often swayed by the utopian appeal of socialism. When these people discovered the truth they were usually too loyal to their friends to discontinue their operations with the KGB. In the 1930s the common enemy was fascism. Many were recruited because they were told that they would be working against fascism. Emotional attachment was sometimes a means of recruiting as the recruiter would establish a friendship with the target which could lead to an affair (either hetero or homosexual) or marriage. By the time the one recruited could discover what had happened, the emotional bond was too great for hindsight to matter. Blackmail was often used against homosexuals who were, at that time, ostracized by society and usually still "in the closet". Many times, there were people - from clerks and secretaries to scientists - who felt that they were being slighted or overlooked. These were easily subverted because they were extremely disenchanted with their employers.
There was competition among recruiters and usually they did not know each other or even that
there were other recruiters in the neighborhood. This was an example of ways in which
the KGB kept their operatives secret in case one should defect or become a double agent.
On November 15, 1979, Sir Anthony Blunt, assistant art advisor to the Queen, was stripped of his knighthood. He had been in Cambridge in the 1930s when many students were recruited by the Soviets, and was approached for Soviet recruitment on the pretext that he would be helping in the fight against fascism. Since he felt that fighting fascism was a worthy goal, and the Western powers were not taking a stand against it, he accepted. Later, with British Intelligence, he passed on information to the Soviets. When he discovered what Russia was in actuality, he could not stop because of loyalty to his friends who were also acting as Soviet moles. During the Korean War he passed on information regarding U.S. intentions. This allowed the Soviets to know that the United States did not plan to use nuclear weapons in the conflict. When the North Koreans and Chinese were going to give up, this information caused them to continue to fight.
Recruiters in the 1930s were never to show any inclination toward communism or socialism, but if a potential recruit was found, his name came before the group to be discussed. The recruiter was then not to have further contact with the individual. An entirely different person made the approach. In this manner, the clandestine nature of the group was kept intact.
Harry Dexter White, Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Treasury during World War II, was a mole entrusted with the responsibility for all treasury policy bearing on foreign relations. He was not only able to pass on information to the Soviets, but to influence policy decisions. Under Soviet instruction, he drafted a plan for Henry Morgenthau (one of Roosevelt's closest advisors) which was presented to the allies at the Quebec Conference in September, 1944. It was dismissed as ill-conceived by Winston Churchill and the Chiefs of Staff. It called for the total de-industrialization of Germany after the war under the pretext of permanently disabling German militarism. It was publicized widely, particularly in Germany. Hitler used it as a propaganda tool to stiffen resistance to the advancing allies, saying that anything would be better than a Germany under the dictates of such a plan. This propaganda served to lengthen the war.
The Russians at that time were still far in the east and would not have been able to acquire desired territory had the war ended too soon. The delay in ending the war allowed them to acquire Poland, Czechoslavakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, East Germany, and Rumania.
In China, Mao Tse-tung with his communist forces was battling Chiang Kai-shek for control of the country. In 1943, Roosevelt promised to send 500 million dollars to Chiang for his fight against the Japanese, with 200 million dollars in gold to be delivered immediately. White, with his personal control over the Chinese Currency Stabilization Program, ignored the declared policy program of Roosevelt and Congress, and delayed the gold shipment until it was too late to prevent the take-over of China by the communists.
Roosevelt's personal envoy to Chiang, Laughlin Curry, was also working with the Soviets to
de-stabilize the Chinese economy. A few years later, Elizabeth Bentley, a Soviet
spy and courier, testified before a U.S. Senate committee. We were getting information
from the Army, the Air Corps, the OSS, the CIA, the Rockefeller Committee, the OWI, the
War Production Board, the War Land Power Commission... She went on to reveal that
she had passed on inside white house information from Laughlin Curry that the Americans
were about to break the Soviet code. She said Harry Dexter White was the cause of
the most damage. White testified to the committee that he had never been a communist.
Two days later, he died of a "heart attack". Soviet defectors at the time this
documentary was shown, stated that the situation regarding Soviet moles in the United States
had grown considerably worse. That was in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Today, with the usual sleepy attitude of Americans, there are probably a lot more Russian
moles in high places.
Espionage
First Directorate, Department T of the KGB (1) collected scientific, technological, and military information through espionage, (2) targeted the Western industrial sector, and (3) utilized exchange programs and official trade organizations as cover.
In 1953, Ethel and Julius Rosenberg were executed for relaying atomic information to the Soviets, but by far the most important information was obtained by Soviet agents working directly on the project to build the atomic bomb.
Many American colleges and universities hosted large numbers of Soviet scientists. The universities are often involved in secret research in areas of industrial and scientific significance. The American/Soviet student exchange program has been used chiefly by the Soviets to gain the secrets of American technology - very often to gain information in fields in which the Soviets were particularly weak. A study was made of a speech made by a Soviet which showed the areas of Soviet weakness and of the list of Soviet students about to enter the exchange program. The areas of weakness and the student specialties dove-tailed exactly. The most highly classified fields were the ones in which most Soviet students were assigned in an attempt to get around our security restrictions. In the 22 years of the program, the Soviets allowed us to send to them only students involved in non-scientific fields such as the humanities and the arts. Soviet students sent to the U.S. were involved in virtually every strategic area of research being carried out (lasers, micro-circuitry, ceramics, and other fields important to the space program, missiles, and weapons). Soviet scholars were welcomed with courtesy in the United States while about 20% of U.S. scholars in the Soviet Union were followed, harassed, intimidated, seduced, or pressured to provide information about fellow students or American Embassy officials.
Department T often worked closely with the GRU which attempted to gain secrets of
military technology. Many American companies are approached on a commercial
basis by the KGB, and some of them are greedy enough to send secrets illegally to
the Soviets. Many deals have been made directly - without KGB involvement.
For instance, submersible technology was used on Soviet atomic
submarines. One company was given a large sum to avoid the export bans and
send a new submersible (small submarine), one piece at a time,
to Switzerland where it was re-assembled and then sent the Soviet Union. This
allowed the Soviets to catch up. In other instances, a company gave up the
secret to an advanced ball bearing manufacturing machine allowing the launching of
multiple warheads from a single missile, another gave up advanced array processors
which came to be used in Soviet submarines, another provided technology for the use of copper
water-cooled mirrors for particle-beam and laser research (allowing Soviets to destroy
communication satellites), and yet another
provided the keys to U.S. inertial guidance systems (increasing the accuracy of
Soviet missiles from three miles to about 600 feet, causing the U.S. to take its
missiles out of their silos and develop MX missiles on railroad cars
at a 600 million
dollar cost).
The DGI
It was the Czech clone of the KGB that first became active in Cuba. Once the groundwork had been done, the organization was turned over to the KGB (1969). Although the new Cuban intelligence service (the DGI) was supposedly Cuban, it was the KGB head in Havana that ran the organization. In Moscow, the DGI was assigned to Department 11. Department 11 controlled and advised the Cuban DGI and the Warsaw Pact Security Services. Agents of the DGI were trained in Moscow in recruitment, sabotage of American embassies, infiltrating the CIA, and counterintelligence of all kinds. Even when DGI operatives worked in other countries, the work was ultimately directed against the United States. In the Cuban Embassy in the U.S. were 98 employees of which approximately half were DGI agents. The station chief for Cuban intelligence in New York was Nestor Garcia, officially listed as First Secretary of the Cuban Mission.
The Cuban Consolate in Montreal was the second most important base of Cuban intelligence in North America. Intelligence and espionage operations from this consolate and from other Cuban diplomatic missions were conducted by the DGI via a spy network designed to increase the KGB's penetration in North America. Defense secrets, political and economic information, leftist movements in the United States, industrial plants were all of interest to the KGB.
In the 1960s, black ghettos erupted with rioting, looting, and arson in a "spontaneous"
protest. Once conditions were ripe, the DGI revolutionaries moved in to orchestrate
the black movement. They had previously met with Castro and then had spread out
to New York City, Los Angeles, and other "ripe" areas. The American operatives were
told by the Cubans that the American revolution was for the
Americans, but would be financed by Cuba (actually the Soviet Union). Revolutionaries
were given money and then told that they could obtain more from the Cuban embassies.
They were trained in Cuba on the use of weapons, anti-police tactics (such as throwing bricks
and garbage from
higher buildings at policemen in the street), and making molotov cocktails. These
operatives passed their training
on to the blacks in the ghettos.
Weathermen
The Weathermen in the 1960s were underground revolutionaries in the United States headed by Bernardine Dohrn and Bill Ayers. The Cubans realized that these U.S. revolutionaries could not overthrow the U.S. government by themselves. The Cubans hoped that the the Weathermen could provide assistance from within for the International Communist revolution. If any member of the Weathermen should lose contact with the parent organization, he or she could go to the Cuban Embassy in Mexico or Canada and use a particular code name to say where he or she could be reached. The Cubans would make the required contact.
The DGI was composed of seven departments, each subdivided into geographic sections. The KGB was the overall directing body, followed by the DGI which was broken into American and Canadian sections. The American section was the largest, controlling North American operations which included those from the United Nations, diplomatic posts, and radical groups. The radical groups included the Weathermen, the Venceremos Brigade, the FLQ (Quebec Liberation Front), and the FALN (Fuerzas Armadas de Liberacion Nacional - Puerto Rican and Venezuelan branches).
During the 1970s, young Americans went to Cuba by circumventing the travel regulations. They wanted to harvest sugar cane and experience the Cuban revolution first-hand. Their Cuban hosts, tour organizers, and tour guides were all DGI officers who used this occasion as cover for training young Americans as radicals who would become members of the Weathermen. These Americans were known as the Venceremos Brigade. After each new group arrived, the DGI would drop everything else to do background investigations on the new arrivals to see who could be recruited - and also to gain intelligence from them. Those recruited came back to the United States to work for the DGI in America.
Criticism by the Cubans after the first group came back to the U.S. was that they were useless - did not help with the sugar cane. This was justified by the DGI as a means to train and politicize weathermen contacts and weathermen. To the Americans, the Cubans had more appeal than the Soviets, so the KGB wanted the Cubans to handle the Americans. The American revolutionaries were told that the Cubans were the vanguard of the international communist revolution, that the Russians were being used by the Cubans, and that the KGB was subservient to the DGI. This was as the KGB wanted it to appear.
The Weathermen were told that more action was needed than simply demonstrating against the war in Vietnam. [It was the Weathermen who were largely responsible for the anti-war movement that caused the United States to lose the war in Vietnam and allow communism to take over in South Vietnam - Today, the after-the-fact communist propaganda states that the Vietnam War was a civil war rather than an invasion from communist North Vietnam to subjugate the south.] Consequently, the Weathermen changed their national action to begin the Days of Rage. In October of 1969, they fomented an attack on the city of Chicago and its police department. Protesters were egged on by the Weathermen for 4 days to commit acts of violence.
In the 1960s, Quebec and its police were assaulted by terrorist demonstrators, using French Canadians who supported the FLQ. The DGI used such organizations as the FLQ to create an international terrorist ring. In late March or early April, 1970, certain members of the Weathermen were told to go to Canada where they received several thousand dollars from the FLQ for the use of the Weathermen. This was another means of introducing dollars into the U.S. for the revolutionaries. The money was furnished by the KGB, given to the DGI, who gave it to the FLQ, who then gave it to the Weathermen.
The Black Liberation Front was formed in Cuba in 1964. It was the prime mover in a plot to blow up the statue of liberty in 1965. The explosives were furnished by a French Canadian separatist organization. The police prevented the plot from reaching its conclusion when they discovered the dynamite.
Bill Ayres and Bernardine Dohrn were set free on a technicality rather than being executed for being terrorists and traitors. According to David Horowitz, as of 2006 Bill Ayres was a distinguished professor of early childhood education and a senior university scholar at the University of Illinois, Chicago Campus. Bernardine Dohrn is a Professor of Law and Director of the Legal Clinic's Children and Family Justice Center at Northwestern University. Both are busy indoctrinating students for their cause, and are unrepentant - Ayres says he should have done more bombing. The Weathermen are still underground and able to be activated.
Eric Holder, our new Attorney General, has been petitioned to help those taking
action against Ayres and Dohrn.
Latin American Communism
Most of the KGB/DGI operations concentrate in Central and South America and the islands in the Caribbean. In 1968, the government in Grenada was overthrown by a Marxist regime. This was typical of so-called right-wing dictatorships being replaced by left-wing dictatorships financed by Cubans. In Grenada, first Cubans were brought in to build a new airport which had military importance to both Cubans and Soviets because Grenada is located along the oil tanker routes to the U.S. from the Middle East and Venezuala. [At that time, American oil companies had holdings in Venezuala. Since then the communists have taken over in Venezuala and the oil company holdings have been stolen (nationalized without compensation).]
In Nicaragua after their revolution, over 3,000 Cubans moved in. At the anniversary of their take-over, the new rulers staged a celebration for visiting dignitaries (Fidel Castro and his ambassadors to Grenada and Nicaragua, both of whom were top DGI officers). One of the featured speakers was Morris Bishop of Grenada who blatantly forecast successful communist revolutions in El Salvador and Guatemala. In El Salvador, Guatemala, and Puerto Rico all revolutionary movements have been assisted by Cubans with Soviets behind them. Puerto Rico is crucial to the Soviets as a submarine tracking base.
Castro directed Puerto Rican terrorist revolutionaries in the United States,
and furnished their explosives, weapons, and dollars. Soviet naval presence
in the Atlantic and the Caribbean was enhanced now by having a friendly harbor in
Havana. This was especially true for submarines roaming just off the American coast
with nuclear missiles aboard. Soviet trawlers for electronic intelligence
gathering, sometimes for vectoring American aircraft into obstacles or jamming their radar
during storms, and for aiding Soviet submarines to prevent their detection, were also
given a haven in which to refuel and resupply.
KGB Philosophy
Disinformation
Department A was responsible for disinformation (forgeries, agents of influence, and planting false stories to deceive decision-makers or public opinion). Elaborately planting false information to cause nations to mistrust one another was a major thrust of Department A, especially in the case of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). NATO was the reason that the Soviets were very careful about "annexing" through force more of the free nations. If the alliance could be broken through pitting one nation against another, the Soviets would have solved their problem. Some of the means used in attempts to accomplish this follow:
(1) a forged letter filled with damaging remarks about Greece and Turkey supposedly sent from President Carter
(2) a phony intelligence report on the European left-wingers
(3) a NATO document claiming to devise ways of getting support for the neutron bomb
(4) a confidential State Department memo advocating economic espionage on American allies
(5) various false reports on national leaders
(6) papers released to show American suppression of Islam
(7) a long-term attack on the CIA labeling many American diplomats abroad as CIA agents in order to paralyze their positions
(8) publications designed to alienate certain elements of society against other elements or individuals
The most successful pieces of disinformation put out by Department A was a phony book called Who's Who in the CIA. This book undermined CIA activities for decades because it was given as a reference book by the media, various reports, and other books. It was used by ABC to show that Reverend Jim Jones had a CIA associate before the massacre. It was sold by many book stores in America. Attempts to expose the book as an disinformation ploy have essentially failed - once such lie is told, the truth is seldom able to reach most of the people. The various news networks usually are far more interested in sensational news than truth because truth is usually not as lucrative as sensational lies.
Today, the disinformation campaign has been taken over in the United States by various Hollywood producers (the best propaganda is visual), by people like Michael Moore, by a Frenchman who started the rumor that 9-11 was created by the Bush administration, and others who are either Weathermen or their successors. Even though most of their lies are easily exposed to someone with a rudimentary education, the vast majority of Americans do not seem to know how to analyze such things, and are apparently too naive and gullible to combat the problem. This, of course, is largely due to very successful past KGB efforts to subvert American youth, American media, and to rely upon emotional propaganda to do the rest.
Comments from Colonel Philip J. Corso
Army Intelligence and National Security Council
When the Cold War was in its height, there were enemies all around us: in government, within the intelligence services, and within the White House itself. Those of us in military intelligence who knew the truth about how much danger the country was in were very circumspect about what we said, even to each other, and where we said it... Deep inside our intelligence services and even within the President's own cabinet were cadres of career government officers working - some knowingly, some not - for the Soviet Union by carrying out policies devised inside the KGB... We also knew the CIA had been penetrated by KGB moles, just as we knew that some of our own policy makers were advocating ideas that would only weaken the United States and lead us down the paths that served the best interests of our enemies....
Our own military intelligence personnel told us that the Soviets were trafficking so heavily in our military secrets that they knew things about us in the Kremlin before we knew them in Congress. The army at least knew the KGB had penetrated the CIA, and the leadership of the CIA had been an integral part of the working group... since the early 1950s. Thus, whatever secrets the group thought they had, they certainly weren't secrets to the KGB.
But here's what kept the roof from falling in on all of us. The KGB and the CIA weren't really the adversaries everybody thought them to be. They spied on each other, for all practical purposes, and also because each agency had thoroughly penetrated the other, they behaved just like the same organization. They were all professional spies in an extended agency playing the same intelligence game and trafficking in the same information. Information is power to be used. You don't simply give it away to your government's political leadership, whether it's the Republicans, the Tories, or the Communists, just because they tell you to. You can't trust the politicians, but you can trust other spies. At least that's what the spies believe, so their primary loyalty is to their own group and the other groups playing the same game. The CIA, KGB, British Secret Service, and a whole host of other foreign intelligence agencies were loyal to themselves and to the profession first - and to their respective governments last.
That's one of the reasons we in the military knew that the professional KGB leadership, not the Communist Party officers who were only inside for political reasons, were keeping as much information from the Soviet government as the CIA was keeping from our government. Professional spy organizations like the KGB and CIA acted like one organization; lots of professional courtesy, lots of shared information to make sure nobody got fired, and a few human sacrifices now and then just to keep everybody honest. But when it came down to loyalty, the CIA was loyal to the KGB and vice-versa.
I believe they had a rationale for what they did. I know they thought the rest of us were too stupid to keep the world safe [they were probably correct] and that by sharing information off the record they kept us out of a nuclear war. I believe this because I knew enough KGB agents during my time and got enough bits and pieces of information off the record to give me a picture of the Soviet Union during the 1950s and 1960s that's very different from what you read on the front page of the New York Times.
The CIA penetration by the KGB and what amounted to their joint spying on the military was a fact we accepted during the 1950s and 1960s, even though most of us in the Pentagon played spy versus spy as much as we could; those of us, like me, who'd gone to intelligence school during the war and knew some of the counterespionage tricks that kept the people watching you guessing.
The CIA got so frustrated at not getting any information out of us (Army Intelligence) that they began keeping closer tabs on the Russian attaches floating around Washington and working under their KGB controllers at the embassies and consulates. Because the CIA knew how thoroughly our universities had been penetrated, they figured they'd get information on the rebound by photographing what was inside the photocopiers at the Russian embassy in Washington.
The army was making ominous noises about events in Southeast Asia. The more the army pushed to get troops on the ground, the more the Kennedy administration refused to get involved. The army was telling the President we would eventually be sucked into a war we could not win and the events would control us instead of our controlling them... The army said it was going to name General Arthur Trudeau [my boss] as the commander of all U.S. forces in South Vietnam... [The general] confided to me that he doubted [he] would get the job... "If they send us over there, Phil," he said... "one of two things will happen." Either we'll both get court-martialed or we'll win the damn war. Either way, the army's not going to like the way we do business. The general was right... Before the end of 1962... the handwriting was on the wall. Vietnam was going to be a political war run by the disinformation specialists in the CIA and fought under a cloud of unknowing... By the time Richard Nixon surrendered to the Chinese and we crawled out of Southeast Asia... we would learn, I hope for the last time, what it was like to be humiliated on the battlefield and then eviscerated at the negotiating table...
I was at the White House during the army McCarthy hearings... Joe McCarthy - unwittingly - was the best friend the communists ever had in government. Single-handedly, Senator McCarthy helped give respectability to a bunch of people who would never have had it otherwise. He turned behaving in contempt of Congress into a heroic act by his very tactics, and the communists in government were laughing at the free rein he gave them. All they had to do was provide him with a human sacrifice every now and then, someone completely unimportant or actually innocent of any wrongdoing, and McCarthy pilloried them on television [and radio]. But when he turned against the U.S. Army, he crossed into my territory and we had to shut him down.
The communists used McCarthy to give them good press and open up an area where they could work while the anti-communists were made to look like fools. I told this to Robert Kennedy, who as a young lawyer had been a member of Roy Cohn's investigative staff working for the McCarthy subcommittee and who had learned firsthand what it was like to be completely misled into self-destructive behavior. It was a mistake, he confided to me, that he would never make again. Unfortunately, his brother's enemies were his own, and [John Kennedy] was misled into thinking that being President would allow him to settle the score.
[Colonel Corso had good things to say about Herbert Hoover and the FBI. However, the FBI was supposed to enforcing the laws inside the United States while the CIA was supposed to be involved outside the United States. In Corso's time, the CIA was encroaching upon the FBI's area and Hoover was concerned. Eventually, the FBI was no longer allowed to expose communism in the United States. This was largely due to the public reaction against McCarthy's tactics - which was translated into politics to the advantage of the communists in the U.S. Actually, the communists in the right places were responsible for McCarthy's eventual downfall - and McCarthy merely fell into their trap. Today, communists can even be elected to the Presidency without FBI interference.]
Written by Jamie Glazov Sunday, 21 June 2009 00:00, FrontPageMagazine.com
Frontpage Interview's guest today is Konstantin Preobrazhenskiy, a former KGB agent who became one of the KGB's harshest critics. He is the author of seven books about the KGB and Japan. His new book is KGB/FSB's New Trojan Horse: Americans of Russian Descent
FP: Konstantin Preobrazhenskiy, welcome the Frontpage Magazine.
Preobrazhensky: Thank you for giving me a chance to address the realistically minded people.
FP: Tell us about your background and the circumstances under which you came to the KGB.
Preobrazhensky: I graduated from the Institute of Asia and Africa of the Moscow University in 1976. Before that, I was an intern at the Tokai University in Japan. I am a specialist in Japan, a fluent Japanese speaker. I love Japan very much. And this love has brought me to the KGB.
FP: What do you love about Japan?
Preobrazhensky: Because it is a fairyland. In its ultra-modern society you can see the medieval society of "samurai" like through a magic telescope. This unbelievable combination makes Japan a magic fascination which cannot be expressed in words.
FP: Ok, so tell us how you ended up in Japan.
Preobrazhensky: Well, if you are a specialist in Japan, you had to travel to the country that you were studying. And that was possible only if you were working for KGB. By the way, Soviet specialists in the U.S.A. were in the same situation. They all were connected to the KGB and most of them were its officers. There was only one chance to avoid working for KGB: becoming an officer of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, the member of the highest elite. But it was very hard to do that. So I only had one choice: either become a KGB collaborator, whose position is very dependent, or its staff officer with shoulder-stripes and high military salary. The second variant was much better. But it was very hard to do. In the end, my father, the Deputy Commander of the KGB Frontier Troops, "pushed" me into KGB intelligence, the most privileged and well-paid job in the USSR. My work in Tokyo as a spy from 1980-85, was very successful. I was covered as a correspondent of the Soviet TASS Agency. But it was not a cover for me. It was my actual job, because I am a born author. My KGB colleagues in Tokyo called me, with a grin, "An author covered as a spy." And they were right. While in the KGB, I published a couple of books on Japan: "The Sports Dressed in Kimono" (1985) and "The Bamboo Sword" (1982). Both were a success. And two of my short novels, "Karate Begins with Bows" and "Very New and Old Pagoda" were published by the Soviet Academy of Science in 1987, in the Academic Anthology, "Soviet Authors on Japan, 1917-87" In Tokyo, I was spying on China. I recruited a Chinese scholar there. But Japanese counterintelligence learned about it somehow and caught me in 1985 on my way to contact this new Soviet agent. It became a spy scandal. The KGB forcibly returned me to Russia and accused me solely of this scandal, though nobody knew the real reason. It tragically interrupted my career as a Japanologist.
FP: So when did you turn on the KGB?
Preobrazhensky: My interviewers always ask me when I got disappointed in the KGB. Never. Because I came there disappointed. Contrary to most young officers, I knew about its criminal and inhumane activities from my father's colleagues. That is why I began to write a book of revelations about the KGB from my first day of serving there. It was first published in Tokyo in 1994, soon after I left the KGB in 1991. It was entitled, "The Spy Who Loved Japan." It became a best seller. When I left the KGB in 1991, it was dissolving at that time, although under Putin it has resurged. Immediately I went to the Japanese media in Moscow and began to publish interviews, articles and even books disclosing the KGB. I became a security columnist at "Moscow Times" newspaper which made me world known. "The Spy who Loved Japan" irritated the KGB greatly, but they could not do anything against me in 1994: it was a short period of Russian democracy. But finally my anti-KGB activities forced me to run away from Russia.
FP: So under what circumstances did you come to the U.S.?
Preobrazhensky: After Putin came to power in 2000, he began the persecution of all the KGB dissidents. In 2002, Oleg Kalugin was sentenced in absentia to 15 years, being accused of disclosing the KGB secrets. I knew I was next. Unfortunately, I was not "in absentia", but in Moscow. As a professional, I got a feeling that they were going to arrest me very soon. I urgently went to the U.S. on a private visit and asked for political asylum. Now I am permanent resident in the U.S. This dramatic story has been described in my new book, KGB/FSB's New Trojan Horse: Americans of Russian Descent.
FP: The American media and literary culture ignored your book. How come?
Preobrazhensky: My book was ignored. Only a few religious writers have reviewed it as it is devoted to the KGB penetration of America through the Russian Orthodox Church. It tells how the KGB managed to put Russian Americans under its control by merging the Russian Orthodox Church abroad with the Kremlin-controlled Moscow Patriarchate. That is why the laymen journalists probably did not want to cover such a delicate topic. How is possible to speak about the Church as a tool of espionage? It would not be "politically correct." So political correctness has helped Putin to keep his espionage in America secret. Moreover, it is helping him facilitate it. Putin knows very well about American political correctness and about the fact that American counter-intelligence is not eligible to monitor clergymen. The KGB is doing it in Russia very aggressively in spite of the fact that Church and State are separate there too. So we have a situation that Putin is openly spying in the U.S. and Americans are afraid of writing about it. This idiotic paradox is a symbol of current American-Russian relations. They bring profit only to Russia. Just recently, the wall of silence about my book was finally broken. My book was reviewed by Professor Clare Lopez, published by Gerard Group International. Professor Clare Lopez has come to a conclusion which is very important for me: "For those who think the Cold War ended in 1991, this book will have you thinking again." Konstantin Preobrazhensky wants Americans to wake up to the ongoing agenda of the Russian regime, which he says "under the rule of Vladimir Putin and the KGB has reverted to the intelligence-dominated repressive state of the 20th century."
FP: Can you talk a bit about the growth of leftism in America and the KGB influence on it?
Preobrazhensky: Well, the KGB has no special need to influence American leftists any more. Their ancestors in Stalin's time have done it for them. They have seeded leftism among the American intellectuals, and today's KGB is only gathering their crop. On the other hand, a lot of American leftists were recruited by the KGB in the Soviet period. They are still working for the Russians. There are many KGB collaborators in this country. Also, a lot of Americans have been educated as leftists at the leftist universities in America. Their professors were contacting the KGB in the 1930s, or were "useful idiots," as Lenin has cynically called the Western intellectuals devotedly working for Russia. Their successors are teaching there now. The graduates of such universities are joining the most important governmental offices, and it might very well affect the American political course. But there is one more reason for the growth of leftism. Many people get disappointed in capitalism. A lot of Americans are still sure that socialism is better. When I tell them that socialism inevitably brings the GULAG they do not believe me. Russian intellectuals of 19th century made the same mistake, but they were severely punished for it by the 70-years of horrible Communist rule. Americans have not suffered such a disappointment yet. Leftism brings a specific damage to America. Let's not forget that Julius and Ethel Rosenberg delivered American atomic bomb secrets to Russia not for money, but because of being leftists. And the wide spread of leftism in the U.S. alleviates Russian influence here as Russia is a leftist country.
FP: What is the extent of Russia influence in the U.S.?
Preobrazhensky: It is very strong. The Russian mechanism of misinformation and manipulation includes the utilization of some American think-tanks and political scientists. Democratic states are much more vulnerable than authoritarian ones. That is why Putin's machine of lies not only deceives America, but creates an inadequate and adorned image of Russia, provoking America to make wrong decisions about this country. One example is provided by the decision to close Russian Service of the Voice of America in 2007. Maybe Americans consider Russian Service to be a mere relic of the Cold War, unnecessary in free Russia, but in fact it has been one of the last sources of independent information for Russians. It has irritated Russian authorities. Putin has managed to close it with the Americans' hands. But the Russian propagandist TV channel, "Russia Today," is very active in America. Nobody is going to close it or transfer to Internet! The clear one-sidedness of American-Russian relations is also exposed by the Russian lobbyism here. There are the opened Russian lobbyists in America like Ketchum Company and others. But are there any American lobbyists in Russia? Oh, no. Any Russian that agrees to become an American lobbyist would be declared a national traitor. Putin calls such people "the jackals at foreign embassies". Mikhail Khodorkovsky, a Russian tycoon and the former President of the YUKOS Company, was said to be a sort of American lobbyist. Where is he now? In prison, from where he will hardly ever get out. In Russia, it is considered non-patriotic to be an American lobbyist. "Do not criticize Russia because it will strengthen the position of the opponents of its pro-Western course there." Such a phrase is very much used by both Russian and American authors. It is a very sophisticated piece of misinformation. It postulates that still not all the people in the Russian elite are anti-American and they all have a freedom of arguing against Russian anti-Americanism. Such a notion is very well understood by Americans. But in fact, there are no pro-American people in the Kremlin. Hatred of America is symbol of loyalty there. If you love America, you cannot work in the Russian government. Sometimes this myth is pronounced in another version: "Oh, do not criticize Russia or they will make friends with China." But they are friends already. It is too late to caution about it. This is the misinformation thesis invented by Directorate "A" of SVR, that the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service Directorate "A" is tasked to misinform American and Western public opinion about. Many journalists are reproducing this false thesis, not knowing where it was invented. But recently some American politicians began to pronounce a far more dangerous thesis: "Let's yield Georgia and Ukraine to Russia, and Russians will help us in Iran."
FP: The chance of Putin helping the U.S. in Iran?
Preobrazhensky: Zero. The Russians will never do so. They will never help the U.S. in any Islamic country. They have developed their own, very special relations with the Islamic World, based on anti-Americanism. Russia has a four-centuries experience of tolerating Islam and does not want to share it with America. Moreover, Russia's strategic goal is to display the U.S. to militant Islam as a scapegoat instead of itself.
FP: What are the methods of Russian influence?
Preobrazhensky: In 2004, Putin revived Stalin's practice of inviting Western writers directly to Moscow and charming them personally. He has founded the "Valdai Discussion Club" for them. The club meetings are held at Golitsyno, one of Putin's residences in Moscow suburbs, and also in other places of Russia. There Putin is hosting luxurious receptions at which he is fascinates American intellectuals. Putin is a good actor. He presents himself as a sole liberal captured by the conservative KGB surrounding. He portrays this picture: they are urging him to deviate from democracy, so the West should not criticize him too much or he will yield to the KGB completely. Dr. Andrei Piontkovsky of the Hudson Institute has called members of Valdai Club "a collective Feuchtwanger". Leon Feuchtwanger was a famous German writer of the 1930s who admired Stalin's regime. Today, the "collective Feuchtwanger" is propagating an adorned image of Russia, which affects American policy towards Russia. All this mechanism of Russian influence in America will be disclosed in my forthcoming book, "How Russian Federation is Ruling United States".
FP: What can Americans do to protect themselves from these Russian threats on their own territory? And what U.S. policy do you recommend toward Putin? Preobrazhensky: America should stop the current abnormal situation which finds Russian intelligence working here manifestly, being sure that Americans now cannot afford a spy scandal against its supposed "ally" in fighting terrorism. America should stop tolerating Russia by concessions and apologies which cause nothing but laughter from Russians. Americans should understand that Putin and other Russian leaders have a criminal psychology as they are building criminal capitalism. From the point of view of the mafia, those who make concessions are losers and fools. They deserve only further pressing, which Russia is demonstrating. America should be hard with Russians. Only after that Russians will respect America. America should get rid of false expectations about Russia, the most dangerous of which is the following: "We need each other to oppose China and militant Islam". Russia does not need America at all in this. Russia tolerates both China and Islam in a way of betrothal, behind the back of America and in spite of it. America should finally comprehend that Russia does not share American values. That it is not a democracy. America should treat it like it is treating China and other non-democratic countries.
FP: Konstantin Preobrazhenskiy, thank you for joining Frontpage Magazine.
The Naked Communist by W. Cleon Skousen
This is one of our highly recommended books even though it was originally written many years ago. Since it was written, a few things have changed (usually for the worst because the communists have achieved many of their goals), but the reader can see to what extent the changes have affected us and world by examining the rest of this site and by remembering what has been occurring.
There were a few things with which I either disagreed or found lacking when I read the book. First, the book explains very well the inefficiency of the Bolshevik Regime in 1921-22 when a complete crop failure caused a widespread famine. "Cannabalism was common, the despairing people crept about, emaciated, like brown mummies - when those hordes fell upon an unprepared village they were apt to massacre every living person... Packs of wild, orphaned children roamed like hungry wolves through cities and countrysides... It is estimated that over 33 million Russians were starving, and 5 million died. The people of the United States were so shocked by this almost inconceivable amount of human suffering that they raised funds ... to feed over 10 million Russians during 1922."
The book fails to mention that Lenin, afraid that the people would begin to appreciate what the "capitalists" were doing for them, would not allow any of the food that was sent to Russia to reach the starving people.
Second, Stalin was apparently an informer for the Czar's secret police when he was still using his original name and when he had not yet attained his position of power.
Third, Harry Dexter White's role in allowing China to come under communist domination was not mentioned, and Roosevelt's chief advisor, Harry Hopkins, was not mentioned as being a communist and having authored social security - although it was mentioned that Hopkins authorized the theft of thousands of classified documents by the Russian diplomats.
Fourth, Skousen states: "The [American] Civil War established the sovereignty of the Federal Government as the dominant authority of the Union (from which individual states could not pass conflicting laws.) This gave solidarity to the United States and a uniformity among the states which had been previously disputed. The Civil War also opened the way for the emancipation of all men living within its boundaries."
Actually, the Civil War was the culmination of various movements against the Constitution which has led to the degree of unconstitutional government we have today. There have been, since the Constitution was signed by the States, certain rights that were granted to the Federal Government by the Sovereign States. The Civil war did nothing to change that fact. There was not then, nor is there now, anything in the Constitution that prevents a State from nullifying any law that the the Federal Government makes that is more than what was granted to it by the States. Nor is there anything in the Constitution that prevents a State from seceding. In fact, the right to secede is the only means a State has to escape from the tyranny of an overreaching Federal Government. Rather than give solidarity to the United States, the bullying by an aggressive Federal Government merely provided the foundation for our current problems. In the sense that a rogue Federal Government can easily steal more and more state's rights today, we are no better than was the Soviet Union. The same psychopathic greed that led to the creation of Communism, and ultimately the Soviet Union, also led to the so-called Civil War. Emancipation was merely the excuse used by the North to rape the South. But history is written by the victor, so discovering the truth takes more effort than is found in popular reading today, and the Republicans today do not want to be embarrassed by the truth.
The Naked Communist begins with The Rise of the Marxist Man.
Marx set out to make all men into his own image (no individuality). He required two things to achieve this goal: (A) annihilation of all opposition including the downfall of all existing governments, economies, and societies, and (B) a new kind of human being (homo-Marxian). This "species" of man would have his own individual characteristics.
1. Homo-Marxian would be entirely materialistic, knowing that he sprang from dust and will return to dust. He would have no spiritual component because mind, spirit, and everything else comes from evolved materiality.
2. Homo-Marxian knows that there is no God and, therefore, no moral code other than what is needed to create a Marxian world.
3. Homo-Marxian is a creature conditioned like Pavlov's dogs. He does not think for himself.
4. The key to homo-Marxian is his fundamental drive for self-preservation. When he sees activities in others that do not confirm the idea that self-preservation is their ultimate goal, he believes them to be stupid or insane.
5. Homo-Marxian "knows" that he is an accidental being in a purposeless universe.
6. Homo-Marxian has no sense of honor as we knows it. Lying, cheating, stealing, and killing are his preferred means of survival. Love is unknown to him.
There is a chapter on Marx and Engels and one on the appeal of communism.
Later in the book is the Communist Philosophy of Nature. There are three laws which are found in nature that explain everything.
The Law of Opposites
1. All matter is a unity of opposites.
2. From these contradictory elements, energy is derived.
3. From this energy comes motion.
The Law of Negation
Contradictory forces within an entity tend toward negation but, through the process of dying, these forces are released into an even more extended development. For instance a seed germinates and is negated to produce a plant. The plant is negated to produce many new seeds - and this accounts for the numerical increase in nature.
The Law of Transformation
In nature are widely different species with distinguishing qualities and characteristics. These "leaps" are spontaneous expressions within nature.
Note that these laws are somewhat simpleminded, but so were Marx and Engels, their appeal being to other simpleminded people. There is a chapter called The Communist Approach to World Problems.
The communist interpretation of world history is based upon Marx' and Engel's conclusion that all self-preservation is the supreme instinct in man. Therefore all human conduct must have been governed by "Economic Determinism" which is man's effort to survive. Whatever men do, is merely the result of man's trying to protect himself from whatever mode of production he is currently using to secure the necessities of life. If something changes the mode of production, the dominant class will immediately set out to create a different type of society, designed to protect the new economic order. So, Marx and Engels concluded that the only way to improve society was to change the economic structure.
Human progress was explained as class struggle. There were two classes of people: the ones who owned the means of production and who became the exploiters, and those who owned nothing and traded their physical labor to survive. Conflict between these two classes was the basic force behind the evolution of society to advance. Since one group had property and did no work, the obvious solution to society's problems was to remove property from the property owners - private ownership of property was evil.
Religion was a problem for the communists because it taught morals to the masses and prevented many people from lying, cheating, and stealing to obtain the communist's objectives. Furthermore, religion was the "opiate of the people" that allowed them to remain passive while they were being exploited. Therefore, religion must be eliminated from society.
According to Marx and Engels, wages were inadequate compensation for labor performed unless the workers received all of the proceeds from the sale of the commodities. Thus, the workers should rise up and take the means of production for their own. All wealth is created by the workers. This would result in the dictatorship of the proletariat (workers) which must then:
1. Suppress the old capitalists.
2. Create a mighty army to be used for the "consolidation of the ties with the proletariat of other lands, and for the development and the victory of the revolution in all countries."
3. Consolidate the unity of the masses in support of the dictatorship.
4. Establish universal socialism by eliminating private property and preparing all mankind for the ultimate adoption of full communism.
Lenin, in his naive view, visualized a world without courts, lawyers, judges, rulers, elected representatives, or policemen. Unfortunately, every time socialism or communism has been used, human nature has intervened to cause them to fail with brutal consequences.
Marx was what we would call today a ne'er-do-well. He could never manage to hold a job. He blew any money donated to him on himself rather than his family. He was kicked out of Germany, France, and Belgium. Two of his children died while young, a baby died at birth, two daughters committed suicide in later life, his last living daughter died in 1881 - all of the children bore emotional scars from deprivation and hunger. Marx chose not to work for a living and even writing upon his chosen subjects was something he hated doing. His major pastime - even while his family was starving - was "researching" in a library. Marx begged for money from anyone who would lend it to him, and this was what Engels did in his role as a supporter of one whom he considered brilliant. Marx has been described - even by his disciples as violent, quarrelsome, contentious, a dictator, and a swashbuckler. He was said to have a feud with the world and was continually alarmed lest he should be unable to assert his superiority. Whenever Marx was able to find those who favored him, he attempted to dominate - and this led to resentment. Consequently, he had no friend other than Engels.
Chapter IV is a critique of the communist approach to world problems. This chapter begins with the influences which marked the personalities of Marx and Engels in their day. These influences led to a philosophy with the following fallacies.
1. The attempt to oversimplify history. Although economics played a role, it was but one of many factors which created the course of history. Many examples are cited.
2. In order to justify their oversimplification of history, Marx and Engels said that the human mind is incapable of moral free will and, therefore, cannot influence the course of history.
3. Marx and Engels believed that the a certain type of production creates a certain type of society. Numerous examples given prove this to be a false assumption.
4. Marx and Engels believed that any form of sovereign government is unnecessary because such a government merely reflects the means for a dominant class to create and forcibly preserve its interests. Actually, a sovereign government is the "heart" that is necessary for group living - without it, there would be no society - just chaos.
5. Marx and Engels believed that the state as the inevitable consequence of some particular form of economic circumstances. History has proven that this not the case.
6. The communists believe that whenever there is a state, its code of laws is developed to exploit the ruling class. Again, numerous examples show that this has not been the case.
7. Communists claim that religion is of manmade origin used by the dominant class to suppress the exploited class. There are many historic examples given that show this is not true - at least not true in western societies which practice either judaism or Christianity.
8. Communist writers claim that Judaic-Christian ethics (like the ten commandments) are simply class morality. To make this a truism, the communists have made their own interpretation of the ten commandments.
9. Marx and Engels claim to have discovered the secret to human progress (which is class struggle). They found that economic order moved from slavery to feudalism and from feudalism to capitalism. Modern society is, therefore, designed to protect capitalism. However, in history there are many examples of slavery being replaced because it was no longer profitable - this was true in ancient Egypt and even in the American colonies.
10. Marx and Engels believed that capitalism would die due to class antagonism. This has not been the case - and today there are communist organizers attempting to make it true when the workers would not cooperate with Marx' prediction. Under capitalism, the most capable management wants to see labor happy - and labor (when the communists are not in charge of a union) wants employers to succeed so that the workers can keep their jobs and get pay raises.
The fallacies continue through 24. One must realize that Capitalism in Marx' time had not evolved into what it is today, although Marx was incorrect in most ways even in his own time. Marx was a dreamer who did not want to work, who wanted to be famous as a scientist/philosopher, who wanted people to be as he wanted them to be, and who would not face society and humanity with his eyes open. If parts of society and humanity would not conform, he wanted to eliminate them.
The book goes into Russian history and communism in Russia. From there it goes into
the history of communism in the United States.